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Artificial intelligence was first introduced to the world through cinemas. Many people have theorised that, as a result of the development of artificial intelligence, robots would one day take over the planet and subjugate humans as their subjects. Artificial intelligence robots would have to achieve and surpass human capabilities in order for this to happen. The topic of whether artificial intelligence machines are patentable or subject to legal action is a first step in determining if artificial intelligence machines are gradually taking over the world.

Artificial intelligence, in general, is the capacity of computers or software to analyse data, make judgments, and take actions in order to achieve a goal. Artificial intelligence, to put it another way, is the creation of computer systems that can do activities that normally need human expertise or programmes that imitate how humans think. Visual perception or machine vision, speech recognition, decision making, comprehending natural languages, learning, reasoning, planning, capacity to operate, move things, and self-correction are all key characteristics of such computer systems. Artificial intelligence is divided into two types: weak artificial intelligence and powerful artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence that is meant to fulfil a single job is referred to as weak artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence with strong human cognitive skills is known as strong artificial intelligence.

Artificial intelligence devices are divided into various categories. The first category includes reactive machines, such as chess programmes. The second kind is limited memory, which refers to computer systems that can utilise memories to make better decisions in the future. This type of computer system, among others, is used in self-driving automobiles. The theory of mind is the third form of artificial intelligence, and this sort of computer system respects the wishes, beliefs, and intentions of others that influence their decision-making. Artificial intelligence technology is used in a variety of ways. A system or procedure that operates automatically is referred to as automation. Machine learning is the process of enabling a computer to function without being programmed. Machine vision enables computers to see in a manner similar to human vision. A computer hears and processes words using a software in natural language processing. Robotics refers to the design and manufacture of robots that are too complex for humans to handle.

Artificial intelligence may be used in healthcare to aid in diagnosis, data storage and analysis, appointment scheduling, and follow-up meetings, as well as supporting patients with the payment process. Artificial intelligence may be utilised in the workplace to automate jobs that people can accomplish. Artificial intelligence may also be utilised to aid clients in this industry. Artificial intelligence is used in education for grading papers and teaching pupils. Artificial intelligence (AI) in finance gives financial advice and gathers personal data. Artificial intelligence may be used in the legal field to sift through large amounts of data to identify important information. Finally, weak artificial intelligence devices are utilised along the production line in the industrial and manufacturing sectors.

The significance of artificial intelligence cannot be overstated. By executing high-volume and laborious jobs, artificial intelligence removes human frailty and tiredness. Artificial intelligence may also be used to improve the functioning and usability of existing goods. Artificial intelligence has the ability to analyse more data and data in greater depth. It is more precise and extracts the most information from the data. Artificial intelligence is very adaptable, allowing it to respond to changes in incoming data as well as changing goals and needs.

Patenting AI 

To know if artificial intelligence robots may be copyrighted, one must first grasp what patenting implies. Intellectual property in the form of a patent is a type of intellectual property. Intellectual property is defined by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) as a mental invention. For a period of generally 20 years, the owner of an invention is granted patent rights, which means they are the only person authorised to produce, use, sell, and import the innovation.

The question of whether artificial intelligence devices may be copyrighted is complex. Existing legislation is insufficient, and it is not evolving quickly enough to keep up with the changing conditions. Prior to the emergence of artificial intelligence and artificial intelligence robots, intellectual property rules were created. Only a human can be an author, and only a human can qualify the rights and advantages gained via a patent, according to these rules.

Artificial intelligence mechanics/machines are created by encoding or programming them by humans. Some could compare this type of programming to a literary work. Artificial intelligence, if this reasoning is accepted, is a work that generates other works. In order for an artificial intelligence system's work to be patented, the computer would need to be self-contained. 

Our Take 一

It is stated that the present legal framework for artificial intelligence machines is enough for the current situation. Despite the fact that artificial intelligence can do specific specialised jobs more successfully and efficiently than a person, computer systems have several limits. Artificial intelligence devices, on the other hand, can only execute one clearly defined purpose. A human can play solitaire and then drive a car, but an artificial intelligence system in the form of a self-driving automobile will not be able to do so. Artificial intelligence robots should not be awarded personality under the law until they can do numerous activities, or even multitask like people do.

Artificial intelligence robots, on the other hand, should be heavily regulated. Driving necessitates making judgments, some of which are ethical in nature. When confronted with an impending car collision, a computer software may choose to minimise damage to the vehicle, but this may end up causing more injury to the people involved. When making a choice, a computer programme is unable to show empathy. Recalling the incident from 2015, a man was crushed by an autonomous robot on the Volkswagen manufacturing line. The robot was not prosecuted because it is considered that a robot cannot generate the requisite intent to commit the crime of murder. Perhaps similar incidents might be averted if there were rules that prohibited the interaction between people and robots.

The present legal system, which is based on human rights, is incapable of dealing with the issues that arise from the usage of artificial intelligence computers. Whereas a human can claim intoxication or insanity as defences, an artificial intelligence machine must be able to claim malfunction as a defence in order to avoid responsibility. It will be necessary to enact new legislation and establish legal precedent in order to interpret such legislation. Artificial intelligence robots cannot be sued or patented until then.

Artificial intelligence with a high level of intellect is becoming increasingly widespread. This might lead to a shift in the legal status of artificial intelligence robots. Artificial intelligence machines would need changes to the legal concepts of "legal personality" and "mental creations." Artificial machines are currently not considered legal people, and so cannot be sued or granted a patent.